Child Policy in European countries

Ecorys examined family policy in countries surrounding the Netherlands, and how these insights can contribute to a progressive domestic family policy. Based on the research, Ecorys identified some key lines of thought for future family policy in the Netherlands.

Family policy in Europe is diverse, and continuously responding to the needs of modern society and demographic changes like population ageing, changing family compositions, low birth rates and increasing economic inequality. Policymakers adapt policies to support diverse family compositions.

Background

At the beginning of 2023, the Dutch Ministry of Social Affairs and Employment commissioned Ecorys to implement a request from the House of Representatives to make an inventory of current family policy in the countries surrounding The Netherlands. The aim of the study is to map out family policy in neighbouring countries and to describe how these insights can contribute to creating a progressive family policy in the Netherlands.

Ecorys investigated the development of family policy over the past 20 years in Germany, Belgium, Finland, Norway, Sweden, Lithuania and the United Kingdom. We collected data through literature studies and interviews with policymakers, interest groups and experts, and analysed policy differences and developments from a multifocal and inclusive lens.

Key Findings

In the countries included in this study, we considered the key themes income support, leave arrangements and childcare. While income support remains a fundamental component of family policy, spending has declined since the 2008 recession, and there has been a shift from universal to conditional support, with financial assistance being increasingly work-related and means tested. Leave arrangements, including maternity, parental and paternity leave, are legally established in all countries studied.

There is a clear shift towards a more inclusive approach in which both mothers and fathers are supported. Childcare is increasingly seen as a crucial tool for child development and the promotion of equal opportunities. This marks a shift from care as a labour market tool to an educational and development tool.

Based on our research, Ecorys identified several important directions for future family policy in the Netherlands:

• Setting policy objectives
• Embracing the dual-earner/dual-carer model
• Diversity as a starting point
• Accessible childcare
• Avoiding complexity
• Collaboration with employers

The research shows that there are many valuable insights to be gained from family policy in neighbouring countries. By developing progressive and inclusive policies, the Netherlands can respond to the needs of diverse family compositions better, and anticipate future trends. The full report, including a detailed overview of our findings can be found on the website of the Dutch government.